Self-Study Workbook
SAT English
Grade 11 ยท ํ•ต์‹ฌ 20๋ฌธ์ œ ยท Hard Level ๐Ÿ”ฅ
๐Ÿ“š Vocabulary
โœ๏ธ Grammar
๐Ÿ“– Reading
โœ๏ธ Writing
SAT ENGLISH ยท GRADE 11
1
Vocabulary in Context
โ˜… ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์—์„œ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋‰˜์•™์Šค ๊ตฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ!

๋ฌธ๋งฅ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ฌธ์ œ = ๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ „ํ›„ 2๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋ผ!
ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ์Œ: infer(์ถ”๋ก ) vs imply(์•”์‹œ) โ€” ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋…์ž๋ฉด infer, ๊ธ€์“ด์ด๋ฉด imply
ambiguous(๋ชจํ˜ธํ•œ) โ‰  ambivalent(์–‘๊ฐ€๊ฐ์ •) โ€” ์ž์ฃผ ์ถœ์ œ!

Q1 HARD
As used in line 14, "mitigate" most nearly means:
"The new policy was designed to mitigate the adverse effects of industrial pollution on the surrounding wetlands, though critics argued it fell woefully short of meaningful reform."
mitigate = ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค, ์ค„์ด๋‹ค (=lessen, alleviate, reduce)
์˜ค๋‹ต ํ•จ์ •: C "eliminate(์™„์ „์ œ๊ฑฐ)"๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ โ€” ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์ƒ "fell short"์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์™„์ „์ œ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์  ์™„ํ™”์ž„์„ ์ฃผ์˜!
Q2 HARD
The word "equivocal" in the passage suggests the scientist's findings were:
"Despite months of research, the results remained stubbornly equivocalโ€”each new data set seemed to support contradictory conclusions, leaving the team unable to reach consensus."
equivocal = ์• ๋งคํ•œ, ๋ถˆ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ, ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํ•ด์„์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ
ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ: "contradictory conclusions" + "unable to reach consensus" โ†’ ํ•ด์„์ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ๋ž˜๋กœ ๋‚˜๋‰จ = ambiguous/equivocal
2
Grammar & Usage
โœŽ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ํ‹€๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๊ฐ„! ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ํ•จ์ • ์ฃผ์˜

โ‘  ์ฃผ์–ด-๋™์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜: "One of the students is" โ€” One์ด ์ฃผ์–ด!
โ‘ก ์ฝค๋งˆ + which = ๋น„์ œํ•œ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„์ ˆ (๋ถ€๊ฐ€์„ค๋ช…) / that = ์ œํ•œ์  (ํ•„์ˆ˜์ •๋ณด)
โ‘ข ์„ธ๋ฏธ์ฝœ๋ก (;) ์–‘์ชฝ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ! however/therefore ์•ž์—” ์„ธ๋ฏธ์ฝœ๋ก 
โ‘ฃ dangling modifier(ํ˜„์ˆ˜๋ถ„์‚ฌ): ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด = ์ฃผ์ ˆ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด!

Q3 HARD
Which choice best corrects the underlined portion?
"Running through the forest at dawn, the ancient ruins were discovered by the archaeologist."
Dangling Modifier(ํ˜„์ˆ˜๋ถ„์‚ฌ) ์˜ค๋ฅ˜!
"Running through the forest"์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์ฃผ์ ˆ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์•„์•ผ ํ•จ.
"ruins๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์•ˆ ๋จ โ†’ ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ archaeologist๋กœ ๊ต์ฒด!
Q4 HARD
Select the grammatically correct sentence:
Neither A nor B โ†’ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” B(๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ฃผ์–ด)์™€ ์ˆ˜์ผ์น˜!
A: Each โ†’ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๋™์‚ฌ has โœ—
B: team โ†’ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ทจ๊ธ‰(๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹) is โœ—
C: employees๊ฐ€ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šฐ๋ฏ€๋กœ were โœ—
D: manager(๋‹จ์ˆ˜)๊ฐ€ nor ๋’ค์— โ†’ was โœ“
Q5 HARD
Choose the version with correct punctuation:
"The report _____ which took three months to complete _____ was presented to the board."
๋น„์ œํ•œ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„์ ˆ(๋ถ€๊ฐ€์ •๋ณด): , which ... , ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์ฝค๋งˆ๋กœ ๊ฐ์Œˆ
"took three months"๋Š” ์—†์–ด๋„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์™„์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๊ฐ€์ •๋ณด โ†’ which + ์ฝค๋งˆ!
that์€ ์ฝค๋งˆ ์—†์ด ์”€ (์ œํ•œ์  ๊ด€๊ณ„์ ˆ)
3
Reading Comprehension
๐Ÿ”ฅ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์žก์•„๋จน๋Š” ํŒŒํŠธ โ€” ์ง€๋ฌธ ๋จผ์ € vs ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋จผ์ € ์ „๋žต ์„ ํƒ!

Main idea = ์ฒซ ๋ฌธ๋‹จ + ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฌธ๋‹จ ์ง‘์ค‘!
"primarily" ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ„ ๋ฌธ์ œ = ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋‹ต NO, ์ „์ฒด์  ๋งฅ๋ฝ ๋‹ต YES
author's tone: critical(๋น„ํŒ์ ) / skeptical(ํšŒ์˜์ ) / admiring(์ฐฌํƒ„) / objective(๊ฐ๊ด€์ ) โ€” ๊ทน๋‹จ์  ๊ฐ์ • ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์˜ค๋‹ต!

Q6 HARD
The primary purpose of the passage is to:
"For decades, the accepted narrative held that Neanderthals were brutish, intellectually limited beings who were easily outcompeted by Homo sapiens. Recent archaeological discoveries, however, have dramatically upended this view. Cave paintings in Spain, now dated to over 65,000 years agoโ€”predating the arrival of modern humans in Europe by some 20,000 yearsโ€”suggest that Neanderthals were capable of symbolic thought and artistic expression. Burial sites reveal evidence of ritual practice and emotional complexity. The emerging picture is one of a sophisticated species whose extinction demands a more nuanced explanation than simple cognitive inferiority."
"primary purpose" = ๊ธ€ ์ „์ฒด์˜ ๋ชฉ์ 
ํ•ต์‹ฌํ‘œํ˜„: "dramatically upended this view" + ์ƒˆ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ ๋‚˜์—ด
A: ์šฐ์›”์„ฑ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ์•„๋‹˜ โœ— / B: ๋™๊ตด ๋ฒฝํ™”๋Š” ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜ โœ— / D: ๋ฉธ์ข… ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์–ธ๊ธ‰ โœ—
โ†’ C: ๊ธฐ์กด ํ†ต๋…์„ ์ƒˆ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐ• โœ“
Q7 HARD
Based on the passage above (Q6), the author's attitude toward the "accepted narrative" can best be described as:
Author's tone: "dramatically upended" โ†’ ๊ธฐ์กด ์ด๋ก ์— ๋น„ํŒ์ /ํšŒ์˜์ (skeptical)
SAT ๋นˆ์ถœ ์˜ค๋‹ต ํ•จ์ •: "indifferent"(์ค‘๋ฆฝ) โ€” ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ด๋ฉด "however"๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐ˜์ „ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์•ˆ ์”€!
Q8 HARD
Read the paired passages and answer: Passage 1 argues for strict environmental regulation; Passage 2 argues for market-based solutions. Both authors would most likely agree that:
P1: "Voluntary industry pledges have repeatedly proven insufficient. Without binding legal frameworks and meaningful penalties, corporations will inevitably prioritize profit over the planet."

P2: "Government mandates stifle innovation and burden small businesses disproportionately. Carbon trading schemes and tax incentives harness market dynamics far more efficiently than top-down regulation."
๋‘ ์ง€๋ฌธ์ด "๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š”" ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ = ๊ณตํ†ต์  ๋ฌธ์ œ!
P1: ๊ทœ์ œ ํ•„์š” / P2: ์‹œ์žฅ ํ™œ์šฉ โ€” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์—๋Š” ๋™์˜!
A/B๋Š” ํ•œ์ชฝ ์ž…์žฅ / C๋Š” ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ โ†’ D๊ฐ€ ๊ณตํ†ต๋ถ„๋ชจ
4
Writing & Expression of Ideas
โœฆ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ํ๋ฆ„ > ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•! ๊ธ€์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋จผ์ € ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋ผ

๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ถ”๊ฐ€/์‚ญ์ œ/์ด๋™ ๋ฌธ์ œ: ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ฌธ๋‹จ์˜ "์ฃผ์ œ๋ฌธ(Topic Sentence)"์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ผ!
transition words ์ „๋žต: ์•ž๋’ค ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ํ™•์ธ โ€” ๋Œ€์กฐ(however/although), ์ธ๊ณผ(therefore/thus), ์ถ”๊ฐ€(furthermore/moreover)
concision(๊ฐ„๊ฒฐ์„ฑ): ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ ์ค‘๋ณต ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์˜ค๋‹ต! "advance planning" โ†’ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ "planning"

Q9 HARD
The writer wants to add a sentence to best support the paragraph's claim. Which addition is most effective?
"Social media platforms have fundamentally altered how teenagers form their identities. [SENTENCE TO ADD] The result is a generation that constantly calibrates self-presentation based on real-time audience feedback."
์•ž ๋ฌธ์žฅ: "์ •์ฒด์„ฑ ํ˜•์„ฑ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ๋ณ€ํ™”" โ†’ ๋’ท ๋ฌธ์žฅ: "์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๊ธฐํ‘œํ˜„ ์กฐ์œจ"
์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ: ๊ณต๊ฐœ์  ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ + ์ฆ‰๊ฐ์  ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰ํ™”๋œ ๋ฐ˜์‘ โ†’ B๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ด์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ!
A/D๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ , C๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค
Q10 HARD
Which transition best connects these sentences?
"The study found that exercise significantly reduces anxiety. _____ participants who exercised three times weekly showed no significant improvement in depression scores."
์•ž: ์šด๋™ โ†’ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ ๊ฐ์†Œ (๊ธ์ •) / ๋’ค: ์šฐ์šธ์ฆ์€ ๊ฐœ์„  ์—†์Œ (๋ถ€์ •)
๋Œ€์กฐ ๊ด€๊ณ„ โ†’ However ์‚ฌ์šฉ!
Furthermore/Similarly = ์ถ”๊ฐ€/์œ ์‚ฌ / Therefore = ์ธ๊ณผ โ†’ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜ค๋‹ต
Q11 MEDIUM
Which is the most concise and clear version?
SAT Concision ์›์น™: ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋” ์งง๊ฒŒ, ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ ์„ ํ˜ธ
B: "convene together" = ์ค‘๋ณต / C: ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ+๋ช…์‚ฌํ™” = ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ณต์žกํ™” / D: ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ + ์žฅํ™ฉํ•จ
A: ๊ฐ„๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ โœ“
5
Advanced Vocabulary & Tone
๐Ÿ’€ ์ตœ๊ณ  ๋‚œ์ด๋„ โ€” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜ + ๋‰˜์•™์Šค ์ฐจ์ด

ํ—ท๊ฐˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์Œ TOP 5:
โ€ข reticent(๋ง ์•„๋ผ๋Š”) vs reluctant(ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š”)
โ€ข enervate(ํž˜ ๋น ์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‹ค) vs energize(ํ™œ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋‹ค) โ€” ๋ฐ˜์˜์–ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Œ!
โ€ข ingenious(๊ธฐ๋ฐœํ•œ) vs ingenuous(์ˆœ์ง„ํ•œ)
โ€ข prescribe(์ฒ˜๋ฐฉํ•˜๋‹ค) vs proscribe(๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•˜๋‹ค)
โ€ข affect(์˜ํ–ฅ์ฃผ๋‹ค/๋™์‚ฌ) vs effect(๊ฒฐ๊ณผ/๋ช…์‚ฌ)

Q12 HARD
The scientist's refusal to share preliminary data was "reticent" โ€” which answer uses this word INCORRECTLY?
reticent = ๋ง์„ ์•„๋ผ๋Š”, ๋ง์ด ์—†๋Š” (๋ง/์ •๋ณด ๊ณต์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ)
D๋Š” reluctant(ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊บผ๋ฆฌ๋Š”)๋ฅผ ์จ์•ผ ๋งž์Œ!
"reticent to do" ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ๋น„ํ‘œ์ค€ โ€” SAT์—์„œ ์ž์ฃผ ์ž˜๋ชป ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ํ•จ์ •!
Q13 HARD
Choose the word that best fits the blank:
"The CEO's speech was meant to ___ investor confidence, but his vague promises had the opposite effect."
"meant to ___ confidence" + "opposite effect(๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํšจ๊ณผ)" โ†’ ๋นˆ์นธ์—๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์  ์˜๋„์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด ํ•„์š”!
bolster = ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค, ๋ถ๋‹์šฐ๋‹ค
A: undermine = ์•ฝํ™”(๋ถ€์ •) / C: circumvent = ์šฐํšŒํ•˜๋‹ค / D: admonish = ๊พธ์ง–๋‹ค
6
Sentence Structure & Clarity

๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๊ตฌ์กฐ(Parallelism): and/or/but ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์•ž๋’ค ํ˜•ํƒœ ์ผ์น˜!
ex) She likes running, swimming, and to cook โ†’ cooking โœ“
Misplaced modifier: ์ˆ˜์‹์–ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‹๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜†์—!

Q14 HARD
Which sentence contains a misplaced modifier?
C: "almost drove" = ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์šด์ „ํ–ˆ๋‹ค (์šด์ „์„ ์•ˆ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป)
์˜๋„: "drove almost every day" (๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋งค์ผ ์šด์ „ํ–ˆ๋‹ค)
โ†’ almost์˜ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋จ = misplaced modifier!
D๋„ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ C๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ misplaced modifier ์˜ˆ์‹œ
Q15 HARD
Which revision best corrects the parallelism error?
"The new employee was praised for her diligence, creativity, and being punctual."
๋ณ‘๋ ฌ๊ตฌ์กฐ(Parallelism): ์„ธ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•จ
"diligence"(๋ช…์‚ฌ) + "creativity"(๋ช…์‚ฌ) โ†’ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ punctuality โœ“
"being punctual"(๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ)์€ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ ๋ณ‘๋ ฌ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜!
7
Data & Evidence Interpretation
๐Ÿ“Š SAT ์‹ ์œ ํ˜•! ํ‘œ/๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์™€ ์ง€๋ฌธ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ด์„

Data ๋ฌธ์ œ ๊ณต๋žต๋ฒ•:
โ‘  ์ง€๋ฌธ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋จผ์ € ํ™•์ธ
โ‘ก "๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์žฅ" = ๊ณผ์žฅ๋œ ํ‘œํ˜„(always/never) ์ฃผ์˜!
โ‘ข ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„(correlation) โ‰  ์ธ๊ณผ๊ด€๊ณ„(causation) โ€” ์ž์ฃผ ์ถœ์ œ!

Q16 HARD
A study shows: cities with more bike lanes have lower obesity rates. The researcher claims: "Building bike lanes causes residents to exercise more, directly reducing obesity." Which critique is most valid?
ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ฐœ๋…: Correlation โ‰  Causation
"์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋„๋กœ โ†’ ๋น„๋งŒ ๊ฐ์†Œ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ โ€” ์ œ3 ๋ณ€์ˆ˜(confounding variable) ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ!
๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ๋„์‹œ = ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ ๋„๋กœ๋„ ๋งŽ๊ณ , ์˜๋ฃŒ๋„ ์ข‹๊ณ  โ†’ B๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋น„ํŒ
Q17 HARD
The passage states: "In 2022, renewable energy accounted for 29% of global electricity production." A student claims this means "most electricity now comes from renewables." This claim is:
"most" = 50% ์ดˆ๊ณผ / 29% < 50% โ†’ "most"๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจ ์•ˆ ๋จ!
SAT Reading: ์ง€๋ฌธ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ ์ •๋‹ต โ€” ์ถ”๋ก  ๊ณผ์ž‰ ์ฃผ์˜!
A/B๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณผ์žฅ ํ•ด์„, D๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์˜ค๋ฅ˜
8
Rhetoric & Argumentation

์ˆ˜์‚ฌ์  ์žฅ์น˜ ๋น ๋ฅธ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„:
โ€ข ethos = ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ/๊ถŒ์œ„ (์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์šฉ, ์ž๊ฒฉ์ฆ) ๐Ÿ˜ค
โ€ข pathos = ๊ฐ์ • ํ˜ธ์†Œ (๊ฐ๋™์  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ, ๊ณตํฌ) ๐Ÿ˜ข
โ€ข logos = ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ/๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ (ํ†ต๊ณ„, ์ฆ๊ฑฐ) ๐Ÿ“Š
๋ฌธ์ œ์— "appeal to"๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉด โ†’ ethos/pathos/logos ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜!

Q18 HARD
Which rhetorical strategy does the following sentence primarily employ?
"As a Nobel Prize-winning economist who has studied poverty for 40 years, I can assure you this policy will widen inequality."
"Nobel Prize-winning economist" + "40 years of study" = ๊ถŒ์œ„/์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ ๊ฐ•์กฐ โ†’ Ethos!
ํ†ต๊ณ„๋‚˜ ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ logos๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹˜ / ๊ฐ์ • ํ˜ธ์†Œ๋„ ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ pathos๋„ ์•„๋‹˜
Q19 HARD
A student argues: "We must ban all junk food in schools. If we don't, children will become obese, miss school, fail their studies, and ruin their futures." This argument is an example of:
Slippery Slope Fallacy(๋ฏธ๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜)
= ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ ์—†์ด A โ†’ B โ†’ C โ†’ D โ†’ ํŒŒ๊ตญ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜
"junk food โ†’ obese โ†’ miss school โ†’ fail โ†’ ruin life" = ๊ฐ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๋ช… ์•ˆ ๋œ ์—ฐ์‡„!
Q20 HARD
FINAL BOSS ๐Ÿ”ฅ โ€” Choose the answer that best describes the function of the underlined sentence:
"Proponents of universal basic income claim it will eliminate poverty and unleash human creativity. Yet Finland's landmark 2017-2018 experiment, often cited as proof of UBI's promise, involved only 2,000 participantsโ€”a sample size too small to draw sweeping national conclusions. Furthermore, the Finnish contextโ€”high baseline welfare, cultural homogeneity, and a robust public sectorโ€”may render the results ungeneralizable to diverse nations."
๋ฐ‘์ค„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ: "sample size too small" = ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก ์  ํ•œ๊ณ„ ์ง€์ 
C์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ "์™„์ „ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐ•"์ด ์•„๋‹˜ โ€” "์ž์ฃผ ์ธ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ"์˜ ์•ฝ์ ์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ!
SAT ๊ณ ๋‚œ๋„ rhetoric ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ต์‹ฌ: ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด "๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€" = ์—ญํ• /๊ธฐ๋Šฅ ํŒŒ์•… โœ“
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